The cultural exchange between China and the Arab world has a long history. In recent years, with the deepening of "the Belt and Road" initiative, Sino-Arab cultural exchanges have ushered in new opportunities. Contemporary Chinese writers such as Mo Yan, Liu Zhenyun, Yu Hua, Liu Cixin and many other and their works have attracted widespread attention across the Arab world. Overall, Chinese literature has shown a good trend of dissemination in Arab regions. This paper systematically reviews the nearly century-long history of translation, publication, and dissemination of Chinese literature in the Arab world, aiming to construct a comprehensive historical narrative and provide theoretical support for promoting mutual learning between Chinese and Arab civilizations.

The study adopts a combined mothodology of historical periodization and causal analysis. First, through literature review and archival verification, a database of communication history spanning over the past century was established. On this basis, the dissemination process is divided into three stages: the sporadic emergence period from 1930 to 1949, the initial introduction period from 1950 to 2012, selective translation and introduction driven by political, religious, and cultural demands, and the flourishing development period since 2013, systematic and large-scale dissemination catalyzed by "the Belt and Road" initiative, forming an organized framework of transmission. Within this historical structure, the study analyzes in depth the dissemination characteristics, driving mechanisms, and existing constraints of each stage, and proposes pathways for optimization.

The study finds that, from a historical perspective, the publication of Chinese literature in the Arab world has evolved from sporadic translation to systematic, large-scale outputs. The mode of translation has shifted from relay translation to direct translation, and the agents of dissemination have expanded from individual scholars to multiple institutions. In terms of driving mechanisms, six interrelated dimensions collectively sustain the contimuous publication and circulation of Chinese literature in the Arab world, respectively: policy support at the national level provides institutional guarantees, literary values of the works constitutes the basis for dissemination, innovative models of publishing institutions open distribution channels, key intermediaries play a pivotal bridging role, the rise of the local "Chinese language fever" cultivates a receptive readership, and high-quality translations by sinologists ensures communicative effect. Apart from this analysis, the paper reveals the currently faced structural challenges like the excessive reliance on government impetus leading to insufficient market vitality, uneven distribution of Chinese language education resources in the Arab world constraining the expansion of readership, shortage of qualified translators limiting the breadth of dissemination, and single-channel distribution affecting the efficiency. These factors relegate Chinese literature to a relatively marginal position within the Arab literary field.

Facing both opportunities and challenges, the paper recommends optimizing dissemination pathways through the following measures: Establishing a "government-guided + market-driven" sustainable development model; Implementing "one country, one policy" precision dissemination strategy; Building a reader-centered topic selection and feedback mechanism; Accelerating the transition to digital publishing; Strengthening the cultivation of translation and publishing talents; Exploring AI-empowered approaches to translator cultivation. By constructing a multi-party collaborative dissemination ecosystem, Chinese literature can move beyond mere "going out" to achieve deeper "coming into" the Arab world, thereby making fresh contributions to Sino-Arab civilizational exchange and mutual enrichment.